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A website on various types of topics categorized to science and technology.
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class='post' role='article'> <h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2023/01/how-to-make-semiconductor-chip.html'>How to make semiconductor chip</a></h3> <div class='post-share-buttons post-share-buttons-top'> <div class='byline post-share-buttons goog-inline-block'> <div aria-owns='sharing-popup-FeaturedPost1-byline-8498848366222081725' class='sharing' data-title='How to make semiconductor chip'> <button aria-controls='sharing-popup-FeaturedPost1-byline-8498848366222081725' aria-label='Share' class='sharing-button touch-icon-button' id='sharing-button-FeaturedPost1-byline-8498848366222081725' role='button'> <div class='flat-icon-button ripple'> <svg class='svg-icon-24'> <use xlink:href='/responsive/sprite_v1_6.css.svg#ic_share_black_24dp' xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink'></use> </svg> </div> </button> <div class='share-buttons-container'> <ul aria-hidden='true' aria-label='Share' class='share-buttons hidden' 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title='permanent link'> <time class='published' datetime='2023-01-03T08:01:00-08:00' title='2023-01-03T08:01:00-08:00'> January 03, 2023 </time> </a> </span> </div> </div> <div class='snippet-thumbnail'> <img alt='Image' sizes='(min-width: 954px) 842px, (min-width: 801px) calc(100vw - 112px), calc(100vw - 64px)' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrCjG8QK2oKZbwWpQoslWJW7-Nxa2p7F1TaWjnGvxOnSxyaF0cJhvEvCEuzVGkDktb0ZwJf5HeAQBdcB5PciSng4Ba78ywyN2SqNw2Wgptfat69Qo3txVFYQwMmCIDAekJsZGJDJCCvgfGAFL-2E_zqWsNALFlvWZ7G32_j-MYeV7ZxSRkR4cFnlKc/s320/How%20to%20make%20semiconductor%20chip.jpg' srcset='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrCjG8QK2oKZbwWpQoslWJW7-Nxa2p7F1TaWjnGvxOnSxyaF0cJhvEvCEuzVGkDktb0ZwJf5HeAQBdcB5PciSng4Ba78ywyN2SqNw2Wgptfat69Qo3txVFYQwMmCIDAekJsZGJDJCCvgfGAFL-2E_zqWsNALFlvWZ7G32_j-MYeV7ZxSRkR4cFnlKc/w256-h162-p-k-no-nu/How%20to%20make%20semiconductor%20chip.jpg 256w, 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r-snippet-container'> <div class='snippet-item r-snippetized'> Semiconductor chips are made through a series of nanofabrication techniques done on the surface of exceedingly pure single crystal silicon substrates. These substrates are commonly referred to as wafers. Wafers that are commonly utilized include 300 mm wafers, which provide the enhanced miniaturization required for cutting-edge devices, and 200 mm wafers, which are better suited to the mixed, small batch production required for Internet of Things devices (IoT). 1. Cleanup The silicon wafers that serve as the semiconductor's foundation are cleaned. Defects in the circuit might result from even the smallest amount of wafer contamination. In order to eliminate all contaminants, including ultra-fine particles, minuscule amounts of organic or metallic residues produced during manufacture, and undesired natural oxide layers produced as a result of contact to air, chemical agents are used. 2. The Deposit of Film On the wafer, thin film layers of metals like as silicon oxide, aluminum, and </div> <a class='snippet-fade r-snippet-fade hidden' href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2023/01/how-to-make-semiconductor-chip.html'></a> </div> <div class='post-bottom'> <div class='post-footer float-container'> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-1'> <span class='byline post-comment-link container'> <a class='comment-link' href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2023/01/how-to-make-semiconductor-chip.html#comments' onclick=''> <svg class='svg-icon-24 touch-icon'> <use xlink:href='/responsive/sprite_v1_6.css.svg#ic_mode_comment_black_24dp' xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink'></use> </svg> <span class='num_comments'> Post a Comment </span> </a> </span> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-2'> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-3'> </div> </div> <div class='jump-link flat-button ripple'> <a href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2023/01/how-to-make-semiconductor-chip.html' title='How to make semiconductor chip'> Keep Reading </a> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div><div class='widget Blog' data-version='2' id='Blog1'> <div class='blog-posts hfeed container'> <article class='post-outer-container'> <div class='post-outer'> <div class='post'> <script type='application/ld+json'>{ "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "BlogPosting", "mainEntityOfPage": { "@type": "WebPage", "@id": "https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/11/how-can-solar-panels-be-recycled.html" }, "headline": "How can solar panels be recycled?","description": "The majority of the market share for solar panels is held by crystalline-silicon technology. This kind of panel is made of silicon solar cel...","datePublished": "2022-11-04T23:20:00-07:00", "dateModified": "2022-11-04T23:20:44-07:00","image": { "@type": "ImageObject","url": "https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCusQ0O15HLFWNqd_SK2plbBVCJoJxrOnz3V_khZICmOM0gKHAG_CJ5NDzIM4Ra-NkYoBkTE0vk7qBjQELNetlcVgUG1btVGZuQcT3MCtRlpYqnT7QohV9G_S0EjINib19Sn9kP-2Zd8SoZprCA3iJIYV17CiRh_9617i-5OGGYAsKydD7EsHKr_X8/w1200-h630-p-k-no-nu/How%20can%20solar%20panels%20be%20recycled.jpg", "height": 630, "width": 1200},"publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Blogger", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/U2hvZWJveA/AVvXsEgfMvYAhAbdHksiBA24JKmb2Tav6K0GviwztID3Cq4VpV96HaJfy0viIu8z1SSw_G9n5FQHZWSRao61M3e58ImahqBtr7LiOUS6m_w59IvDYwjmMcbq3fKW4JSbacqkbxTo8B90dWp0Cese92xfLMPe_tg11g/h60/", "width": 206, "height": 60 } },"author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Prasun Barua" } }</script> <a name='5031592489477534265'></a> <h3 class='post-title entry-title'> <a href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/11/how-can-solar-panels-be-recycled.html'>How can solar panels be recycled?</a> </h3> <div class='post-share-buttons post-share-buttons-top'> <div class='byline post-share-buttons goog-inline-block'> <div aria-owns='sharing-popup-Blog1-byline-5031592489477534265' class='sharing' data-title='How can solar panels be recycled?'> <button aria-controls='sharing-popup-Blog1-byline-5031592489477534265' aria-label='Share' class='sharing-button touch-icon-button' id='sharing-button-Blog1-byline-5031592489477534265' role='button'> <div class='flat-icon-button ripple'> <svg class='svg-icon-24'> <use xlink:href='/responsive/sprite_v1_6.css.svg#ic_share_black_24dp' xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink'></use> </svg> </div> </button> <div class='share-buttons-container'> <ul aria-hidden='true' aria-label='Share' class='share-buttons hidden' id='sharing-popup-Blog1-byline-5031592489477534265' role='menu'> <li> <span 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title='permanent link'> <time class='published' datetime='2022-11-04T23:20:00-07:00' title='2022-11-04T23:20:00-07:00'> November 04, 2022 </time> </a> </span> </div> </div> <div class='container post-body entry-content' id='post-snippet-5031592489477534265'> <div class='snippet-thumbnail'> <img alt='Image' sizes='(max-width: 800px) 20vw, 128px' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCusQ0O15HLFWNqd_SK2plbBVCJoJxrOnz3V_khZICmOM0gKHAG_CJ5NDzIM4Ra-NkYoBkTE0vk7qBjQELNetlcVgUG1btVGZuQcT3MCtRlpYqnT7QohV9G_S0EjINib19Sn9kP-2Zd8SoZprCA3iJIYV17CiRh_9617i-5OGGYAsKydD7EsHKr_X8/s320/How%20can%20solar%20panels%20be%20recycled.jpg' srcset='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCusQ0O15HLFWNqd_SK2plbBVCJoJxrOnz3V_khZICmOM0gKHAG_CJ5NDzIM4Ra-NkYoBkTE0vk7qBjQELNetlcVgUG1btVGZuQcT3MCtRlpYqnT7QohV9G_S0EjINib19Sn9kP-2Zd8SoZprCA3iJIYV17CiRh_9617i-5OGGYAsKydD7EsHKr_X8/w32-h32-p-k-no-nu/How%20can%20solar%20panels%20be%20recycled.jpg 32w, https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCusQ0O15HLFWNqd_SK2plbBVCJoJxrOnz3V_khZICmOM0gKHAG_CJ5NDzIM4Ra-NkYoBkTE0vk7qBjQELNetlcVgUG1btVGZuQcT3MCtRlpYqnT7QohV9G_S0EjINib19Sn9kP-2Zd8SoZprCA3iJIYV17CiRh_9617i-5OGGYAsKydD7EsHKr_X8/w64-h64-p-k-no-nu/How%20can%20solar%20panels%20be%20recycled.jpg 64w, https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCusQ0O15HLFWNqd_SK2plbBVCJoJxrOnz3V_khZICmOM0gKHAG_CJ5NDzIM4Ra-NkYoBkTE0vk7qBjQELNetlcVgUG1btVGZuQcT3MCtRlpYqnT7QohV9G_S0EjINib19Sn9kP-2Zd8SoZprCA3iJIYV17CiRh_9617i-5OGGYAsKydD7EsHKr_X8/w128-h128-p-k-no-nu/How%20can%20solar%20panels%20be%20recycled.jpg 128w, https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCusQ0O15HLFWNqd_SK2plbBVCJoJxrOnz3V_khZICmOM0gKHAG_CJ5NDzIM4Ra-NkYoBkTE0vk7qBjQELNetlcVgUG1btVGZuQcT3MCtRlpYqnT7QohV9G_S0EjINib19Sn9kP-2Zd8SoZprCA3iJIYV17CiRh_9617i-5OGGYAsKydD7EsHKr_X8/w256-h256-p-k-no-nu/How%20can%20solar%20panels%20be%20recycled.jpg 256w'/> </div> <div class='post-snippet snippet-container r-snippet-container'> <div class='snippet-item r-snippetized'> The majority of the market share for solar panels is held by crystalline-silicon technology. This kind of panel is made of silicon solar cells, a plastic junction box, polymer layers, copper wire, glass, and a back-sheet. Although the polymer layers protect the panel from the elements, they also make recycling and disassembling the panel challenging because high temperatures are frequently needed to remove the glue. Many of these parts are recyclable.About 75% of the weight of a solar panel is made up of glass, and recycling glass is a well-established business. The copper cable, plastic junction box, and aluminum frame are additional easily recyclable materials. Other components found inside solar cells might be more challenging to recycle. Panels frequently contain relatively modest amounts of silver and internal copper, despite the fact that these minerals are valuable components. Solar panels might also contain harmful elements like lead and cadmium. Critical elements such as galli </div> <a class='snippet-fade r-snippet-fade hidden' href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/11/how-can-solar-panels-be-recycled.html'></a> </div> </div> <div class='post-bottom'> <div class='post-footer float-container'> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-1'> <span class='byline post-comment-link container'> <a class='comment-link' href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/11/how-can-solar-panels-be-recycled.html#comments' onclick=''> <svg class='svg-icon-24 touch-icon'> <use xlink:href='/responsive/sprite_v1_6.css.svg#ic_mode_comment_black_24dp' xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink'></use> </svg> <span class='num_comments'> Post a Comment </span> </a> </span> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-2'> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-3'> </div> </div> <div class='jump-link flat-button ripple'> <a href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/11/how-can-solar-panels-be-recycled.html' title='How can solar panels be recycled?'> Keep Reading </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article class='post-outer-container'> <div class='post-outer'> <div class='post'> <script type='application/ld+json'>{ "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "BlogPosting", "mainEntityOfPage": { "@type": "WebPage", "@id": "https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/10/how-to-fix-portable-generator-with-no.html" }, "headline": "How to fix a portable generator with no power","description": "What stops generators from producing electricity/voltage? The loss of residual magnetism is the main reason why portable generators don\u0026#39;...","datePublished": "2022-10-01T21:23:00-07:00", "dateModified": "2022-10-01T21:33:57-07:00","image": { "@type": "ImageObject","url": "https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigZHwOaowU2FLzxgG5r1xFbO44u4slFZab6tmokQc0UFhdDUQFkhGUlLl8c8pcQ4HQZt1fjK8Aj6xQjJrn8B8PhWXrwbxGCxx3Zx8YNwJOQa_Ca_OBOPKnrh9rzpqBG24ZNOb-bUEdo7J07jx3_FAfbploE9d09LNX1duTOj0ZhLtMSN7ZV1DRpLKQ/w1200-h630-p-k-no-nu/How%20to%20fix%20a%20portable%20generator%20with%20no%20power.jpg", "height": 630, "width": 1200},"publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Blogger", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/U2hvZWJveA/AVvXsEgfMvYAhAbdHksiBA24JKmb2Tav6K0GviwztID3Cq4VpV96HaJfy0viIu8z1SSw_G9n5FQHZWSRao61M3e58ImahqBtr7LiOUS6m_w59IvDYwjmMcbq3fKW4JSbacqkbxTo8B90dWp0Cese92xfLMPe_tg11g/h60/", "width": 206, "height": 60 } },"author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Prasun Barua" 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rel='bookmark' title='permanent link'> <time class='published' datetime='2022-10-01T21:23:00-07:00' title='2022-10-01T21:23:00-07:00'> October 01, 2022 </time> </a> </span> </div> </div> <div class='container post-body entry-content' id='post-snippet-5243327498194875488'> <div class='snippet-thumbnail'> <img alt='Image' sizes='(max-width: 800px) 20vw, 128px' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigZHwOaowU2FLzxgG5r1xFbO44u4slFZab6tmokQc0UFhdDUQFkhGUlLl8c8pcQ4HQZt1fjK8Aj6xQjJrn8B8PhWXrwbxGCxx3Zx8YNwJOQa_Ca_OBOPKnrh9rzpqBG24ZNOb-bUEdo7J07jx3_FAfbploE9d09LNX1duTOj0ZhLtMSN7ZV1DRpLKQ/s320/How%20to%20fix%20a%20portable%20generator%20with%20no%20power.jpg' 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https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigZHwOaowU2FLzxgG5r1xFbO44u4slFZab6tmokQc0UFhdDUQFkhGUlLl8c8pcQ4HQZt1fjK8Aj6xQjJrn8B8PhWXrwbxGCxx3Zx8YNwJOQa_Ca_OBOPKnrh9rzpqBG24ZNOb-bUEdo7J07jx3_FAfbploE9d09LNX1duTOj0ZhLtMSN7ZV1DRpLKQ/w128-h128-p-k-no-nu/How%20to%20fix%20a%20portable%20generator%20with%20no%20power.jpg 128w, https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigZHwOaowU2FLzxgG5r1xFbO44u4slFZab6tmokQc0UFhdDUQFkhGUlLl8c8pcQ4HQZt1fjK8Aj6xQjJrn8B8PhWXrwbxGCxx3Zx8YNwJOQa_Ca_OBOPKnrh9rzpqBG24ZNOb-bUEdo7J07jx3_FAfbploE9d09LNX1duTOj0ZhLtMSN7ZV1DRpLKQ/w256-h256-p-k-no-nu/How%20to%20fix%20a%20portable%20generator%20with%20no%20power.jpg 256w'/> </div> <div class='post-snippet snippet-container r-snippet-container'> <div class='snippet-item r-snippetized'> What stops generators from producing electricity/voltage? The loss of residual magnetism is the main reason why portable generators don't produce power. Electrical conductors are moved through a magnetic field by generators. Magnets are not present in your generator. By converting a portion of the generator's output voltage to direct current (DC) and feeding it to a coil to construct an electromagnet, the magnetic field is produced. Residual magnetism is the trace quantity of magnetism that remains after the generator has stopped operating. The meager amount of magnetism is sufficient to generate a tiny amount of electricity. An even stronger electromagnet can be made using this little electricity.  Your generator generates even more power as the engine rotates this magnet, which moves its electric field through the stator windings. When the remaining magnetism is gone, the generator won't start up and produce any power. The loss of this residual magnetism might occur spont </div> <a class='snippet-fade r-snippet-fade hidden' href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/10/how-to-fix-portable-generator-with-no.html'></a> </div> </div> <div class='post-bottom'> <div class='post-footer float-container'> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-1'> <span class='byline post-comment-link container'> <a class='comment-link' href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/10/how-to-fix-portable-generator-with-no.html#comments' onclick=''> <svg class='svg-icon-24 touch-icon'> <use xlink:href='/responsive/sprite_v1_6.css.svg#ic_mode_comment_black_24dp' xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink'></use> </svg> <span class='num_comments'> Post a Comment </span> </a> </span> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-2'> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-3'> </div> </div> <div class='jump-link flat-button ripple'> <a href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/10/how-to-fix-portable-generator-with-no.html' title='How to fix a portable generator with no power'> Keep Reading </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article class='post-outer-container'> <div class='post-outer'> <div class='post'> <script type='application/ld+json'>{ "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "BlogPosting", "mainEntityOfPage": { "@type": "WebPage", "@id": "https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/09/how-to-size-wire-and-breakers.html" }, "headline": "How to size wire and breakers?","description": "For sizing wire and breaker, you need to divide the total watts by the voltage to get the amperage on the circuit. Depending on the ampacity...","datePublished": "2022-09-18T22:14:00-07:00", "dateModified": "2022-09-18T22:17:16-07:00","image": { "@type": "ImageObject","url": "https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjA_LjEvuKIsNomB3sZV6oVjyAzkUyzRqfFhXCbQjDSSgIaggSGhiz58DYLikgn8oDyaq6G3G8ej44ZychMD1ejim316KVoL77ZcfDhcwV6SBH7RQZMAqBfkUC0DUU6gEX1a7ECFPb92p19Hgs5LT29XW8dS2TAQmK9zDH5eU5lp5VsddYBncdBZNWA/w1200-h630-p-k-no-nu/wire%20and%20breaker.jpg", "height": 630, "width": 1200},"publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Blogger", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/U2hvZWJveA/AVvXsEgfMvYAhAbdHksiBA24JKmb2Tav6K0GviwztID3Cq4VpV96HaJfy0viIu8z1SSw_G9n5FQHZWSRao61M3e58ImahqBtr7LiOUS6m_w59IvDYwjmMcbq3fKW4JSbacqkbxTo8B90dWp0Cese92xfLMPe_tg11g/h60/", "width": 206, "height": 60 } },"author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Prasun Barua" } }</script> <a name='4867497727220890949'></a> <h3 class='post-title entry-title'> <a 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r-snippetized'> For sizing wire and breaker, you need to divide the total watts by the voltage to get the amperage on the circuit. Depending on the ampacity of the breaker, each size of breaker requires a different wire size. As a result, you can select the appropriate breaker and wire size based on the amp requirements.   How to Determine the Correct Circuit Breaker Size? The National Electric Code states that having a circuit breaker is a fundamental requirement. Using the appropriate breaker size is another recommendation made by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Circuit breakers are a requirement for all electrical circuits in commercial, residential, and industrial settings. To avoid electrocution and the spread of electrical fires, this requirement is justified. However, you are not permitted to use any circuit breaker in any circuit. You must use the proper size in accordance with the electrical currents and appliance specifications to ensure safety.  The circuit bre </div> <a class='snippet-fade r-snippet-fade hidden' href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/09/how-to-size-wire-and-breakers.html'></a> </div> </div> <div class='post-bottom'> <div class='post-footer float-container'> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-1'> <span class='byline post-comment-link container'> <a class='comment-link' href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/09/how-to-size-wire-and-breakers.html#comments' onclick=''> <svg class='svg-icon-24 touch-icon'> <use xlink:href='/responsive/sprite_v1_6.css.svg#ic_mode_comment_black_24dp' xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink'></use> </svg> <span class='num_comments'> Post a Comment </span> </a> </span> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-2'> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-3'> </div> </div> <div class='jump-link flat-button ripple'> <a href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/09/how-to-size-wire-and-breakers.html' title='How to size wire and breakers?'> Keep Reading </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article class='post-outer-container'> <div class='post-outer'> <div class='post'> <script type='application/ld+json'>{ "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "BlogPosting", "mainEntityOfPage": { "@type": "WebPage", "@id": "https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/07/what-is-electrical-circuit-theory.html" }, "headline": "What is electrical circuit theory?","description": "One of the most important aspects of electrical engineering is electrical circuit theory. Understanding how individual and collective compon...","datePublished": "2022-07-13T11:19:00-07:00", "dateModified": "2022-07-13T11:36:33-07:00","image": { "@type": "ImageObject","url": "https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnXAkWXoE1ZyLTcKIvAe7JdSWu9_TKm70FQKSryoLBIPdOo1zpqMfsd8Hh1d3Mgi8goiNaLsyVlpEjLkH9IWsfCcIXOm2wSEmjdEDnwwSpD2y8ORbz5TtkCf32F0cetMfxMq-qF-qEGEMkaDSNsDDvuB5F2yIsgKt_luVFsBlF68F_zyfx9VmIUNav/w1200-h630-p-k-no-nu/electrical%20circuit-1.jpg", "height": 630, "width": 1200},"publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Blogger", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/U2hvZWJveA/AVvXsEgfMvYAhAbdHksiBA24JKmb2Tav6K0GviwztID3Cq4VpV96HaJfy0viIu8z1SSw_G9n5FQHZWSRao61M3e58ImahqBtr7LiOUS6m_w59IvDYwjmMcbq3fKW4JSbacqkbxTo8B90dWp0Cese92xfLMPe_tg11g/h60/", "width": 206, "height": 60 } },"author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Prasun Barua" } }</script> <a name='4028806573627675004'></a> <h3 class='post-title 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title='permanent link'> <time class='published' datetime='2022-07-13T11:19:00-07:00' title='2022-07-13T11:19:00-07:00'> July 13, 2022 </time> </a> </span> </div> </div> <div class='container post-body entry-content' id='post-snippet-4028806573627675004'> <div class='snippet-thumbnail'> <img alt='Image' sizes='(max-width: 800px) 20vw, 128px' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnXAkWXoE1ZyLTcKIvAe7JdSWu9_TKm70FQKSryoLBIPdOo1zpqMfsd8Hh1d3Mgi8goiNaLsyVlpEjLkH9IWsfCcIXOm2wSEmjdEDnwwSpD2y8ORbz5TtkCf32F0cetMfxMq-qF-qEGEMkaDSNsDDvuB5F2yIsgKt_luVFsBlF68F_zyfx9VmIUNav/s320/electrical%20circuit-1.jpg' srcset='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnXAkWXoE1ZyLTcKIvAe7JdSWu9_TKm70FQKSryoLBIPdOo1zpqMfsd8Hh1d3Mgi8goiNaLsyVlpEjLkH9IWsfCcIXOm2wSEmjdEDnwwSpD2y8ORbz5TtkCf32F0cetMfxMq-qF-qEGEMkaDSNsDDvuB5F2yIsgKt_luVFsBlF68F_zyfx9VmIUNav/w32-h32-p-k-no-nu/electrical%20circuit-1.jpg 32w, https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnXAkWXoE1ZyLTcKIvAe7JdSWu9_TKm70FQKSryoLBIPdOo1zpqMfsd8Hh1d3Mgi8goiNaLsyVlpEjLkH9IWsfCcIXOm2wSEmjdEDnwwSpD2y8ORbz5TtkCf32F0cetMfxMq-qF-qEGEMkaDSNsDDvuB5F2yIsgKt_luVFsBlF68F_zyfx9VmIUNav/w64-h64-p-k-no-nu/electrical%20circuit-1.jpg 64w, https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnXAkWXoE1ZyLTcKIvAe7JdSWu9_TKm70FQKSryoLBIPdOo1zpqMfsd8Hh1d3Mgi8goiNaLsyVlpEjLkH9IWsfCcIXOm2wSEmjdEDnwwSpD2y8ORbz5TtkCf32F0cetMfxMq-qF-qEGEMkaDSNsDDvuB5F2yIsgKt_luVFsBlF68F_zyfx9VmIUNav/w128-h128-p-k-no-nu/electrical%20circuit-1.jpg 128w, https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnXAkWXoE1ZyLTcKIvAe7JdSWu9_TKm70FQKSryoLBIPdOo1zpqMfsd8Hh1d3Mgi8goiNaLsyVlpEjLkH9IWsfCcIXOm2wSEmjdEDnwwSpD2y8ORbz5TtkCf32F0cetMfxMq-qF-qEGEMkaDSNsDDvuB5F2yIsgKt_luVFsBlF68F_zyfx9VmIUNav/w256-h256-p-k-no-nu/electrical%20circuit-1.jpg 256w'/> </div> <div class='post-snippet snippet-container r-snippet-container'> <div class='snippet-item r-snippetized'> One of the most important aspects of electrical engineering is electrical circuit theory. Understanding how individual and collective components interact is the foundation for designing, manufacturing, and troubleshooting all types of electronic devices and systems. An electrical circuit, in its most basic form, is a path for an electric current to flow from one point to another. Any circuit is constructed with two types of components. These are known as the "active" components, which provide energy, and the "passive" components, which consume energy. In electrical circuit theory, active components are typically batteries or generators. Every circuit has following three basic components on a high level: Voltage Source Electrical Path Load Voltage Source The potential difference between the positive (+) and negative (-) terminals of a voltage source introduces energy into a circuit. The main difference between AC and DC voltage sources is how the current flows. AC so </div> <a class='snippet-fade r-snippet-fade hidden' href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/07/what-is-electrical-circuit-theory.html'></a> </div> </div> <div class='post-bottom'> <div class='post-footer float-container'> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-1'> <span class='byline post-comment-link container'> <a class='comment-link' href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/07/what-is-electrical-circuit-theory.html#comments' onclick=''> <svg class='svg-icon-24 touch-icon'> <use xlink:href='/responsive/sprite_v1_6.css.svg#ic_mode_comment_black_24dp' xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink'></use> </svg> <span class='num_comments'> Post a Comment </span> </a> </span> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-2'> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-3'> </div> </div> <div class='jump-link flat-button ripple'> <a href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/07/what-is-electrical-circuit-theory.html' title='What is electrical circuit theory?'> Keep Reading </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article class='post-outer-container'> <div class='post-outer'> <div class='post'> <script type='application/ld+json'>{ "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "BlogPosting", "mainEntityOfPage": { "@type": "WebPage", "@id": "https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/07/how-transistor-works.html" }, "headline": "How transistor works?","description": "A transistor can act as a switch or an amplifier thanks to its unique architecture. This is done by twisting a valve to control a supply of ...","datePublished": "2022-07-03T10:27:00-07:00", "dateModified": "2022-07-03T10:29:04-07:00","image": { "@type": "ImageObject","url": "https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtvUX18SVHhTpQTI1Cdhp95Eh4F3UqeAxkWu_DEuaZ2U7oYrmYj1gt3sgqpMKgJcLWCeVaZUC_0gl5T1Sk7aHNJWRze1wf2Cw2NpRQzzUvb9GtrfcTJXBJhohTxBKrJD4ezaNxlQZQDM1pKFwJOvOwFT5Sx2NvUiIuLNO-cS4iqTb1QbbB03k4d4i2/w1200-h630-p-k-no-nu/transistor-1.png", "height": 630, "width": 1200},"publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Blogger", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/U2hvZWJveA/AVvXsEgfMvYAhAbdHksiBA24JKmb2Tav6K0GviwztID3Cq4VpV96HaJfy0viIu8z1SSw_G9n5FQHZWSRao61M3e58ImahqBtr7LiOUS6m_w59IvDYwjmMcbq3fKW4JSbacqkbxTo8B90dWp0Cese92xfLMPe_tg11g/h60/", "width": 206, "height": 60 } },"author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Prasun Barua" } }</script> <a name='3807504661072433642'></a> <h3 class='post-title 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This is done by twisting a valve to control a supply of water, or a little amount of electricity to control a gate on a much bigger supply of electricity. The base, collector, and emitter are the three components that make up a transistor. The base serves as the bigger electrical supply's gate controller. The emitter serves as the outlet for the greater electrical supply, which is located in the collector. The amount of current flowing through the gate from the collector can be controlled by sending different amounts of current from the base.  This allows for the regulation of enormous currents, such as those in amplifiers, with extremely small currents. The identical procedure is used to generate the binary code for digital processors; however, in this instance, a voltage threshold of five volts is required to open the collector gate. The transistor is being utilized in this fashion as a binary swi </div> <a class='snippet-fade r-snippet-fade hidden' href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/07/how-transistor-works.html'></a> </div> </div> <div class='post-bottom'> <div class='post-footer float-container'> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-1'> <span class='byline post-comment-link container'> <a class='comment-link' href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/07/how-transistor-works.html#comments' onclick=''> <svg class='svg-icon-24 touch-icon'> <use xlink:href='/responsive/sprite_v1_6.css.svg#ic_mode_comment_black_24dp' xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink'></use> </svg> <span class='num_comments'> Post a Comment </span> </a> </span> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-2'> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-3'> </div> </div> <div class='jump-link flat-button ripple'> <a href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/07/how-transistor-works.html' title='How transistor works?'> Keep Reading </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article class='post-outer-container'> <div class='post-outer'> <div class='post'> <script type='application/ld+json'>{ "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "BlogPosting", "mainEntityOfPage": { "@type": "WebPage", "@id": "https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/06/what-is-zener-diode-and-how-it-works.html" }, "headline": "What is zener diode and how it works?","description": "A semiconductor diode blocks current in the opposite direction, but will fail prematurely if the reverse voltage applied across the terminal...","datePublished": "2022-06-30T19:57:00-07:00", "dateModified": "2022-06-30T19:57:31-07:00","image": { "@type": "ImageObject","url": "https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFZ3Sqx2jD3CfentDEVPUvWLQSelxTuYI8Z6lEr7SN_ZzZJhBaQfezEeFDjdVPSvIQbzf1ynrnlKKKjKJE8O0ZGp2SAFdBkAVhlc-42Hpyf8PGwrlItYbXB3-lxCekjG493v9Mjyvuziq37AnVt6mtgmi0ZS1cRVhNX9OaBl_OsO7i8EmUlv12vcUj/w1200-h630-p-k-no-nu/Zener%20Diode.jpg", 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https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFZ3Sqx2jD3CfentDEVPUvWLQSelxTuYI8Z6lEr7SN_ZzZJhBaQfezEeFDjdVPSvIQbzf1ynrnlKKKjKJE8O0ZGp2SAFdBkAVhlc-42Hpyf8PGwrlItYbXB3-lxCekjG493v9Mjyvuziq37AnVt6mtgmi0ZS1cRVhNX9OaBl_OsO7i8EmUlv12vcUj/w256-h256-p-k-no-nu/Zener%20Diode.jpg 256w'/> </div> <div class='post-snippet snippet-container r-snippet-container'> <div class='snippet-item r-snippetized'> A semiconductor diode blocks current in the opposite direction, but will fail prematurely if the reverse voltage applied across the terminals becomes too high. However, Zener diodes or "breakdown diodes" as they are sometimes called, are essentially the same as standard PN junction diodes, but specially designed to have a specified low reverse breakdown voltage taking advantage of any reverse voltage is applied. to her. The Zener diode works like a regular general purpose diode made of PN silicon junction and when it is forward biased. That is, anode to its cathode it behaves like a normal signal diode carry rated current.  However, unlike a conventional diode which blocks all current flowing through itself when reverse biased i.e. cathode becomes more positive than anode, as soon as reverse voltage reaches a predetermined value, Zener diode start to lead in the opposite direction. This is because when the reverse voltage applied across the Zener diode exceeds the rated volta </div> <a class='snippet-fade r-snippet-fade hidden' href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/06/what-is-zener-diode-and-how-it-works.html'></a> </div> </div> <div class='post-bottom'> <div class='post-footer float-container'> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-1'> <span class='byline post-comment-link container'> <a class='comment-link' href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/06/what-is-zener-diode-and-how-it-works.html#comments' onclick=''> <svg class='svg-icon-24 touch-icon'> <use xlink:href='/responsive/sprite_v1_6.css.svg#ic_mode_comment_black_24dp' xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink'></use> </svg> <span class='num_comments'> Post a Comment </span> </a> </span> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-2'> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-3'> </div> </div> <div class='jump-link flat-button ripple'> <a href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/2022/06/what-is-zener-diode-and-how-it-works.html' title='What is zener diode and how it works?'> Keep Reading </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class='blog-pager container' id='blog-pager'> <a class='blog-pager-older-link flat-button ripple' href='https://www.prasunbarua.com/search?updated-max=2022-06-30T19:57:00-07:00&max-results=7' title='More posts'> More posts </a> </div> </div><div class='widget HTML' data-version='2' id='HTML10'> <div class='widget-content'> <script type="text/javascript"> amzn_assoc_placement = "adunit0"; 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